14. What is the difference between anabolism and catabolism? (p. 514) ANSWER:
Complex molecules are being created from the combination of simple substances during anabolism. In contrast, during catabolism, complex molecules are being split apart.
15. Where are triglycerides stored in the body? (p. 514) ANSWER:
Triglycerides are being stored in the body fat and in the liver.
16. In what ways can a person lose heat to or gain heat from the surroundings? How is it possible for a person to lose heat on a sunny beach when the temperature is 40?C (104?F) and the humidity is 85%? (p. 518) ANSWER:
About 60% of the energy released in catabolism in converted into heat. It is possible for a person to lose heat when the temperature is high if the respective person's body had not been supplied with enough external sources of energy for the cells to synthesize ATP.
Week 6
Chapter 14
17. Name several substances transported by blood. (p. 346) ANSWER:
Oxygen, carbon dioxides, and nutrients are all transported by blood.
18. How is blood protective? (p. 346) ANSWER:
Blood clots prevent blood from being lost in excess. Also, it contains white blood cells which protect the body against disease by carrying on phagocytosis and producing proteins fighting the disease.
19. What is erythropoiesis? How does erythropoiesis affect hematocrit? What factors speed up or slow down erythropoiesis? (p. 354) ANSWER:
The term erythropoiesis refers to the formation of red blood cells. Erythropoiesis can influence hematocrit by causing it to rise or to fall. The amount of oxygen that the blood can carry depends on the presence of red blood cells, and, if it decreases,...
. Describe the types of stimuli that control the secretion of hormones.Generally speaking, hormone levels are controlled through negative feedback mechanisms within the body. Here, if a hormone increases in propensity, the body will automatically inhibit is future release to compensate for the increase. In addition, there are various types of stimuli that can further regulate the secretion of hormones within the body. For example, hormonal stimuli are the release
The human body’s Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) regulates blood pressure and fluid balances. When a person’s blood pressure or water levels drop, the body’s baroreceptors identify the drop, as do cells in the kidneys, which are responsible for releasing rennin into the body. In the case of a decline in blood pressure, the enzyme Renin transforms angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensinogen is a protein in the liver, and, essentially, a
blood ion levels, particularly sodium, potassium, and calcium levels, if there is a decrease in overall blood flow to the kidneys. A full credit answer will discuss the mechanisms at the cellular and chemical level. Kidney failure: What occurs when there is a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys? A decrease in blood flow to the kidneys can lead to complete organ failure at worst or at minimum severely disrupt
3) A seed is really a small plant embryo, surrounded by a nutritional layer known as the endosperm, all of which is covered in a hard protective shell called the seed coating. Fertilization occurred; all that is needed is the proper environment to encourage the embryo to grow. When this occurs, the plant quickly sprouts, first producing stem and leaves for support and the gathering of water and nutrients, as well
Nervous System: In order to achieve its function, the nervous system is divided into two major parts i.e. The Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The central nervous system is basically made up of the brain and spinal cord and has the main function of receiving information from the body and sending out instructions. While the brain is protected by the skull, the spinal cord is guarded
This system results in stable blood concentrations of the hormones that are regulated by the pituitary gland (Reiser and Kemp, p.1). This complex system of self-regulation means that there are multiple opportunities for the glands to stop working properly. The hypothalamus, which is located in the brain, is, in many ways, the control center of the endocrine system. The hypothalamus secretes hormones that, in turn, either suppress or stimulate hormone release
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